hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * Returning a value other than false from the filter will short-circuit retrieval
	 * and return that value instead.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0 As 'pre_site_option_' . $key
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.9.0 The `$default_value` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $pre_site_option The value to return instead of the option value. This differs from
	 *                                `$default_value`, which is used as the fallback value in the event
	 *                                the option doesn't exist elsewhere in get_network_option().
	 *                                Default false (to skip past the short-circuit).
	 * @param string $option          Option name.
	 * @param int    $network_id      ID of the network.
	 * @param mixed  $default_value   The fallback value to return if the option does not exist.
	 *                                Default false.
	 */
	$pre = apply_filters( "pre_site_option_{$option}", false, $option, $network_id, $default_value );

	if ( false !== $pre ) {
		return $pre;
	}

	// Prevent non-existent options from triggering multiple queries.
	$notoptions_key = "$network_id:notoptions";
	$notoptions     = wp_cache_get( $notoptions_key, 'site-options' );

	if ( is_array( $notoptions ) && isset( $notoptions[ $option ] ) ) {

		/**
		 * Filters the value of a specific default network option.
		 *
		 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
		 *
		 * @since 3.4.0
		 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param mixed  $default_value The value to return if the site option does not exist
		 *                              in the database.
		 * @param string $option        Option name.
		 * @param int    $network_id    ID of the network.
		 */
		return apply_filters( "default_site_option_{$option}", $default_value, $option, $network_id );
	}

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/option.php */
		$default_value = apply_filters( 'default_site_option_' . $option, $default_value, $option, $network_id );
		$value         = get_option( $option, $default_value );
	} else {
		$cache_key = "$network_id:$option";
		$value     = wp_cache_get( $cache_key, 'site-options' );

		if ( ! isset( $value ) || false === $value ) {
			$row = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT meta_value FROM $wpdb->sitemeta WHERE meta_key = %s AND site_id = %d", $option, $network_id ) );

			// Has to be get_row() instead of get_var() because of funkiness with 0, false, null values.
			if ( is_object( $row ) ) {
				$value = $row->meta_value;
				$value = maybe_unserialize( $value );
				wp_cache_set( $cache_key, $value, 'site-options' );
			} else {
				if ( ! is_array( $notoptions ) ) {
					$notoptions = array();
				}

				$notoptions[ $option ] = true;
				wp_cache_set( $notoptions_key, $notoptions, 'site-options' );

				/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/option.php */
				$value = apply_filters( 'default_site_option_' . $option, $default_value, $option, $network_id );
			}
		}
	}

	if ( ! is_array( $notoptions ) ) {
		$notoptions = array();
		wp_cache_set( $notoptions_key, $notoptions, 'site-options' );
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the value of an existing network option.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0 As 'site_option_' . $key
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value      Value of network option.
	 * @param string $option     Option name.
	 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
	 */
	return apply_filters( "site_option_{$option}", $value, $option, $network_id );
}

/**
 * Adds a new network option.
 *
 * Existing options will not be updated.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @see add_option()
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network. Can be null to default to the current network ID.
 * @param string $option     Name of the option to add. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @param mixed  $value      Option value, can be anything. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @return bool True if the option was added, false otherwise.
 */
function add_network_option( $network_id, $option, $value ) {
	global $wpdb;

	if ( $network_id && ! is_numeric( $network_id ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$network_id = (int) $network_id;

	// Fallback to the current network if a network ID is not specified.
	if ( ! $network_id ) {
		$network_id = get_current_network_id();
	}

	wp_protect_special_option( $option );

	/**
	 * Filters the value of a specific network option before it is added.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0 As 'pre_add_site_option_' . $key
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value      Value of network option.
	 * @param string $option     Option name.
	 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
	 */
	$value = apply_filters( "pre_add_site_option_{$option}", $value, $option, $network_id );

	$notoptions_key = "$network_id:notoptions";

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		$result = add_option( $option, $value, '', false );
	} else {
		$cache_key = "$network_id:$option";

		/*
		 * Make sure the option doesn't already exist.
		 * We can check the 'notoptions' cache before we ask for a DB query.
		 */
		$notoptions = wp_cache_get( $notoptions_key, 'site-options' );

		if ( ! is_array( $notoptions ) || ! isset( $notoptions[ $option ] ) ) {
			if ( false !== get_network_option( $network_id, $option, false ) ) {
				return false;
			}
		}

		$value = sanitize_option( $option, $value );

		$serialized_value = maybe_serialize( $value );
		$result           = $wpdb->insert(
			$wpdb->sitemeta,
			array(
				'site_id'    => $network_id,
				'meta_key'   => $option,
				'meta_value' => $serialized_value,
			)
		);

		if ( ! $result ) {
			return false;
		}

		wp_cache_set( $cache_key, $value, 'site-options' );

		// This option exists now.
		$notoptions = wp_cache_get( $notoptions_key, 'site-options' ); // Yes, again... we need it to be fresh.

		if ( is_array( $notoptions ) && isset( $notoptions[ $option ] ) ) {
			unset( $notoptions[ $option ] );
			wp_cache_set( $notoptions_key, $notoptions, 'site-options' );
		}
	}

	if ( $result ) {

		/**
		 * Fires after a specific network option has been successfully added.
		 *
		 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
		 *
		 * @since 2.9.0 As "add_site_option_{$key}"
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $value      Value of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( "add_site_option_{$option}", $option, $value, $network_id );

		/**
		 * Fires after a network option has been successfully added.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $value      Value of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( 'add_site_option', $option, $value, $network_id );

		return true;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
 * Removes a network option by name.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @see delete_option()
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network. Can be null to default to the current network ID.
 * @param string $option     Name of the option to delete. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @return bool True if the option was deleted, false otherwise.
 */
function delete_network_option( $network_id, $option ) {
	global $wpdb;

	if ( $network_id && ! is_numeric( $network_id ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$network_id = (int) $network_id;

	// Fallback to the current network if a network ID is not specified.
	if ( ! $network_id ) {
		$network_id = get_current_network_id();
	}

	/**
	 * Fires immediately before a specific network option is deleted.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param string $option     Option name.
	 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
	 */
	do_action( "pre_delete_site_option_{$option}", $option, $network_id );

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		$result = delete_option( $option );
	} else {
		$row = $wpdb->get_row( $wpdb->prepare( "SELECT meta_id FROM {$wpdb->sitemeta} WHERE meta_key = %s AND site_id = %d", $option, $network_id ) );
		if ( is_null( $row ) || ! $row->meta_id ) {
			return false;
		}
		$cache_key = "$network_id:$option";
		wp_cache_delete( $cache_key, 'site-options' );

		$result = $wpdb->delete(
			$wpdb->sitemeta,
			array(
				'meta_key' => $option,
				'site_id'  => $network_id,
			)
		);

		if ( $result ) {
			$notoptions_key = "$network_id:notoptions";
			$notoptions     = wp_cache_get( $notoptions_key, 'site-options' );

			if ( ! is_array( $notoptions ) ) {
				$notoptions = array();
			}
			$notoptions[ $option ] = true;
			wp_cache_set( $notoptions_key, $notoptions, 'site-options' );
		}
	}

	if ( $result ) {

		/**
		 * Fires after a specific network option has been deleted.
		 *
		 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
		 *
		 * @since 2.9.0 As "delete_site_option_{$key}"
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( "delete_site_option_{$option}", $option, $network_id );

		/**
		 * Fires after a network option has been deleted.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( 'delete_site_option', $option, $network_id );

		return true;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
 * Updates the value of a network option that was already added.
 *
 * @since 4.4.0
 *
 * @see update_option()
 *
 * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object.
 *
 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network. Can be null to default to the current network ID.
 * @param string $option     Name of the option. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @param mixed  $value      Option value. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @return bool True if the value was updated, false otherwise.
 */
function update_network_option( $network_id, $option, $value ) {
	global $wpdb;

	if ( $network_id && ! is_numeric( $network_id ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	$network_id = (int) $network_id;

	// Fallback to the current network if a network ID is not specified.
	if ( ! $network_id ) {
		$network_id = get_current_network_id();
	}

	wp_protect_special_option( $option );

	$old_value = get_network_option( $network_id, $option );

	/**
	 * Filters a specific network option before its value is updated.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0 As 'pre_update_site_option_' . $key
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$option` parameter was added.
	 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value      New value of the network option.
	 * @param mixed  $old_value  Old value of the network option.
	 * @param string $option     Option name.
	 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
	 */
	$value = apply_filters( "pre_update_site_option_{$option}", $value, $old_value, $option, $network_id );

	/*
	 * If the new and old values are the same, no need to update.
	 *
	 * Unserialized values will be adequate in most cases. If the unserialized
	 * data differs, the (maybe) serialized data is checked to avoid
	 * unnecessary database calls for otherwise identical object instances.
	 *
	 * See https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/44956
	 */
	if ( $value === $old_value || maybe_serialize( $value ) === maybe_serialize( $old_value ) ) {
		return false;
	}

	if ( false === $old_value ) {
		return add_network_option( $network_id, $option, $value );
	}

	$notoptions_key = "$network_id:notoptions";
	$notoptions     = wp_cache_get( $notoptions_key, 'site-options' );

	if ( is_array( $notoptions ) && isset( $notoptions[ $option ] ) ) {
		unset( $notoptions[ $option ] );
		wp_cache_set( $notoptions_key, $notoptions, 'site-options' );
	}

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		$result = update_option( $option, $value, false );
	} else {
		$value = sanitize_option( $option, $value );

		$serialized_value = maybe_serialize( $value );
		$result           = $wpdb->update(
			$wpdb->sitemeta,
			array( 'meta_value' => $serialized_value ),
			array(
				'site_id'  => $network_id,
				'meta_key' => $option,
			)
		);

		if ( $result ) {
			$cache_key = "$network_id:$option";
			wp_cache_set( $cache_key, $value, 'site-options' );
		}
	}

	if ( $result ) {

		/**
		 * Fires after the value of a specific network option has been successfully updated.
		 *
		 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$option`, refers to the option name.
		 *
		 * @since 2.9.0 As "update_site_option_{$key}"
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $value      Current value of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $old_value  Old value of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( "update_site_option_{$option}", $option, $value, $old_value, $network_id );

		/**
		 * Fires after the value of a network option has been successfully updated.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.7.0 The `$network_id` parameter was added.
		 *
		 * @param string $option     Name of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $value      Current value of the network option.
		 * @param mixed  $old_value  Old value of the network option.
		 * @param int    $network_id ID of the network.
		 */
		do_action( 'update_site_option', $option, $value, $old_value, $network_id );

		return true;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
 * Deletes a site transient.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @param string $transient Transient name. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @return bool True if the transient was deleted, false otherwise.
 */
function delete_site_transient( $transient ) {

	/**
	 * Fires immediately before a specific site transient is deleted.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string $transient Transient name.
	 */
	do_action( "delete_site_transient_{$transient}", $transient );

	if ( wp_using_ext_object_cache() || wp_installing() ) {
		$result = wp_cache_delete( $transient, 'site-transient' );
	} else {
		$option_timeout = '_site_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
		$option         = '_site_transient_' . $transient;
		$result         = delete_site_option( $option );

		if ( $result ) {
			delete_site_option( $option_timeout );
		}
	}

	if ( $result ) {

		/**
		 * Fires after a transient is deleted.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 *
		 * @param string $transient Deleted transient name.
		 */
		do_action( 'deleted_site_transient', $transient );
	}

	return $result;
}

/**
 * Retrieves the value of a site transient.
 *
 * If the transient does not exist, does not have a value, or has expired,
 * then the return value will be false.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @see get_transient()
 *
 * @param string $transient Transient name. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @return mixed Value of transient.
 */
function get_site_transient( $transient ) {

	/**
	 * Filters the value of an existing site transient before it is retrieved.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
	 *
	 * Returning a value other than boolean false will short-circuit retrieval and
	 * return that value instead.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$transient` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $pre_site_transient The default value to return if the site transient does not exist.
	 *                                   Any value other than false will short-circuit the retrieval
	 *                                   of the transient, and return that value.
	 * @param string $transient          Transient name.
	 */
	$pre = apply_filters( "pre_site_transient_{$transient}", false, $transient );

	if ( false !== $pre ) {
		return $pre;
	}

	if ( wp_using_ext_object_cache() || wp_installing() ) {
		$value = wp_cache_get( $transient, 'site-transient' );
	} else {
		// Core transients that do not have a timeout. Listed here so querying timeouts can be avoided.
		$no_timeout       = array( 'update_core', 'update_plugins', 'update_themes' );
		$transient_option = '_site_transient_' . $transient;
		if ( ! in_array( $transient, $no_timeout, true ) ) {
			$transient_timeout = '_site_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
			wp_prime_site_option_caches( array( $transient_option, $transient_timeout ) );

			$timeout = get_site_option( $transient_timeout );
			if ( false !== $timeout && $timeout < time() ) {
				delete_site_option( $transient_option );
				delete_site_option( $transient_timeout );
				$value = false;
			}
		}

		if ( ! isset( $value ) ) {
			$value = get_site_option( $transient_option );
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the value of an existing site transient.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
	 *
	 * @since 2.9.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$transient` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value     Value of site transient.
	 * @param string $transient Transient name.
	 */
	return apply_filters( "site_transient_{$transient}", $value, $transient );
}

/**
 * Sets/updates the value of a site transient.
 *
 * You do not need to serialize values. If the value needs to be serialized,
 * then it will be serialized before it is set.
 *
 * @since 2.9.0
 *
 * @see set_transient()
 *
 * @param string $transient  Transient name. Expected to not be SQL-escaped. Must be
 *                           167 characters or fewer in length.
 * @param mixed  $value      Transient value. Expected to not be SQL-escaped.
 * @param int    $expiration Optional. Time until expiration in seconds. Default 0 (no expiration).
 * @return bool True if the value was set, false otherwise.
 */
function set_site_transient( $transient, $value, $expiration = 0 ) {

	/**
	 * Filters the value of a specific site transient before it is set.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.4.0 The `$transient` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param mixed  $value     New value of site transient.
	 * @param string $transient Transient name.
	 */
	$value = apply_filters( "pre_set_site_transient_{$transient}", $value, $transient );

	$expiration = (int) $expiration;

	/**
	 * Filters the expiration for a site transient before its value is set.
	 *
	 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @param int    $expiration Time until expiration in seconds. Use 0 for no expiration.
	 * @param mixed  $value      New value of site transient.
	 * @param string $transient  Transient name.
	 */
	$expiration = apply_filters( "expiration_of_site_transient_{$transient}", $expiration, $value, $transient );

	if ( wp_using_ext_object_cache() || wp_installing() ) {
		$result = wp_cache_set( $transient, $value, 'site-transient', $expiration );
	} else {
		$transient_timeout = '_site_transient_timeout_' . $transient;
		$option            = '_site_transient_' . $transient;
		wp_prime_site_option_caches( array( $option, $transient_timeout ) );

		if ( false === get_site_option( $option ) ) {
			if ( $expiration ) {
				add_site_option( $transient_timeout, time() + $expiration );
			}
			$result = add_site_option( $option, $value );
		} else {
			if ( $expiration ) {
				update_site_option( $transient_timeout, time() + $expiration );
			}
			$result = update_site_option( $option, $value );
		}
	}

	if ( $result ) {

		/**
		 * Fires after the value for a specific site transient has been set.
		 *
		 * The dynamic portion of the hook name, `$transient`, refers to the transient name.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 * @since 4.4.0 The `$transient` parameter was added
		 *
		 * @param mixed  $value      Site transient value.
		 * @param int    $expiration Time until expiration in seconds.
		 * @param string $transient  Transient name.
		 */
		do_action( "set_site_transient_{$transient}", $value, $expiration, $transient );

		/**
		 * Fires after the value for a site transient has been set.
		 *
		 * @since 3.0.0
		 *
		 * @param string $transient  The name of the site transient.
		 * @param mixed  $value      Site transient value.
		 * @param int    $expiration Time until expiration in seconds.
		 */
		do_action( 'setted_site_transient', $transient, $value, $expiration );
	}

	return $result;
}

/**
 * Registers default settings available in WordPress.
 *
 * The settings registered here are primarily useful for the REST API, so this
 * does not encompass all settings available in WordPress.
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 * @since 6.0.1 The `show_on_front`, `page_on_front`, and `page_for_posts` options were added.
 */
function register_initial_settings() {
	register_setting(
		'general',
		'blogname',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'name' => 'title',
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'label'        => __( 'Title' ),
			'description'  => __( 'Site title.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'blogdescription',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'name' => 'description',
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'label'        => __( 'Tagline' ),
			'description'  => __( 'Site tagline.' ),
		)
	);

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		register_setting(
			'general',
			'siteurl',
			array(
				'show_in_rest' => array(
					'name'   => 'url',
					'schema' => array(
						'format' => 'uri',
					),
				),
				'type'         => 'string',
				'description'  => __( 'Site URL.' ),
			)
		);
	}

	if ( ! is_multisite() ) {
		register_setting(
			'general',
			'admin_email',
			array(
				'show_in_rest' => array(
					'name'   => 'email',
					'schema' => array(
						'format' => 'email',
					),
				),
				'type'         => 'string',
				'description'  => __( 'This address is used for admin purposes, like new user notification.' ),
			)
		);
	}

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'timezone_string',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'name' => 'timezone',
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'A city in the same timezone as you.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'date_format',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'A date format for all date strings.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'time_format',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'A time format for all time strings.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'start_of_week',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'integer',
			'description'  => __( 'A day number of the week that the week should start on.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'general',
		'WPLANG',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'name' => 'language',
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'WordPress locale code.' ),
			'default'      => 'en_US',
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'writing',
		'use_smilies',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'boolean',
			'description'  => __( 'Convert emoticons like :-) and :-P to graphics on display.' ),
			'default'      => true,
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'writing',
		'default_category',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'integer',
			'description'  => __( 'Default post category.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'writing',
		'default_post_format',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'Default post format.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'reading',
		'posts_per_page',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'integer',
			'label'        => __( 'Maximum posts per page' ),
			'description'  => __( 'Blog pages show at most.' ),
			'default'      => 10,
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'reading',
		'show_on_front',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'string',
			'label'        => __( 'Show on front' ),
			'description'  => __( 'What to show on the front page' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'reading',
		'page_on_front',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'integer',
			'label'        => __( 'Page on front' ),
			'description'  => __( 'The ID of the page that should be displayed on the front page' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'reading',
		'page_for_posts',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => true,
			'type'         => 'integer',
			'description'  => __( 'The ID of the page that should display the latest posts' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'discussion',
		'default_ping_status',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'schema' => array(
					'enum' => array( 'open', 'closed' ),
				),
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'description'  => __( 'Allow link notifications from other blogs (pingbacks and trackbacks) on new articles.' ),
		)
	);

	register_setting(
		'discussion',
		'default_comment_status',
		array(
			'show_in_rest' => array(
				'schema' => array(
					'enum' => array( 'open', 'closed' ),
				),
			),
			'type'         => 'string',
			'label'        => __( 'Allow comments on new posts' ),
			'description'  => __( 'Allow people to submit comments on new posts.' ),
		)
	);
}

/**
 * Registers a setting and its data.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 * @since 3.0.0 The `misc` option group was deprecated.
 * @since 3.5.0 The `privacy` option group was deprecated.
 * @since 4.7.0 `$args` can be passed to set flags on the setting, similar to `register_meta()`.
 * @since 5.5.0 `$new_whitelist_options` was renamed to `$new_allowed_options`.
 *              Please consider writing more inclusive code.
 * @since 6.6.0 Added the `label` argument.
 *
 * @global array $new_allowed_options
 * @global array $wp_registered_settings
 *
 * @param string $option_group A settings group name. Should correspond to an allowed option key name.
 *                             Default allowed option key names include 'general', 'discussion', 'media',
 *                             'reading', 'writing', and 'options'.
 * @param string $option_name The name of an option to sanitize and save.
 * @param array  $args {
 *     Data used to describe the setting when registered.
 *
 *     @type string     $type              The type of data associated with this setting.
 *                                         Valid values are 'string', 'boolean', 'integer', 'number', 'array', and 'object'.
 *     @type string     $label             A label of the data attached to this setting.
 *     @type string     $description       A description of the data attached to this setting.
 *     @type callable   $sanitize_callback A callback function that sanitizes the option's value.
 *     @type bool|array $show_in_rest      Whether data associated with this setting should be included in the REST API.
 *                                         When registering complex settings, this argument may optionally be an
 *                                         array with a 'schema' key.
 *     @type mixed      $default           Default value when calling `get_option()`.
 * }
 */
function register_setting( $option_group, $option_name, $args = array() ) {
	global $new_allowed_options, $wp_registered_settings;

	/*
	 * In 5.5.0, the `$new_whitelist_options` global variable was renamed to `$new_allowed_options`.
	 * Please consider writing more inclusive code.
	 */
	$GLOBALS['new_whitelist_options'] = &$new_allowed_options;

	$defaults = array(
		'type'              => 'string',
		'group'             => $option_group,
		'label'             => '',
		'description'       => '',
		'sanitize_callback' => null,
		'show_in_rest'      => false,
	);

	// Back-compat: old sanitize callback is added.
	if ( is_callable( $args ) ) {
		$args = array(
			'sanitize_callback' => $args,
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the registration arguments when registering a setting.
	 *
	 * @since 4.7.0
	 *
	 * @param array  $args         Array of setting registration arguments.
	 * @param array  $defaults     Array of default arguments.
	 * @param string $option_group Setting group.
	 * @param string $option_name  Setting name.
	 */
	$args = apply_filters( 'register_setting_args', $args, $defaults, $option_group, $option_name );

	$args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

	// Require an item schema when registering settings with an array type.
	if ( false !== $args['show_in_rest'] && 'array' === $args['type'] && ( ! is_array( $args['show_in_rest'] ) || ! isset( $args['show_in_rest']['schema']['items'] ) ) ) {
		_doing_it_wrong( __FUNCTION__, __( 'When registering an "array" setting to show in the REST API, you must specify the schema for each array item in "show_in_rest.schema.items".' ), '5.4.0' );
	}

	if ( ! is_array( $wp_registered_settings ) ) {
		$wp_registered_settings = array();
	}

	if ( 'misc' === $option_group ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'3.0.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: misc */
				__( 'The "%s" options group has been removed. Use another settings group.' ),
				'misc'
			)
		);
		$option_group = 'general';
	}

	if ( 'privacy' === $option_group ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'3.5.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: privacy */
				__( 'The "%s" options group has been removed. Use another settings group.' ),
				'privacy'
			)
		);
		$option_group = 'reading';
	}

	$new_allowed_options[ $option_group ][] = $option_name;

	if ( ! empty( $args['sanitize_callback'] ) ) {
		add_filter( "sanitize_option_{$option_name}", $args['sanitize_callback'] );
	}
	if ( array_key_exists( 'default', $args ) ) {
		add_filter( "default_option_{$option_name}", 'filter_default_option', 10, 3 );
	}

	/**
	 * Fires immediately before the setting is registered but after its filters are in place.
	 *
	 * @since 5.5.0
	 *
	 * @param string $option_group Setting group.
	 * @param string $option_name  Setting name.
	 * @param array  $args         Array of setting registration arguments.
	 */
	do_action( 'register_setting', $option_group, $option_name, $args );

	$wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ] = $args;
}

/**
 * Unregisters a setting.
 *
 * @since 2.7.0
 * @since 4.7.0 `$sanitize_callback` was deprecated. The callback from `register_setting()` is now used instead.
 * @since 5.5.0 `$new_whitelist_options` was renamed to `$new_allowed_options`.
 *              Please consider writing more inclusive code.
 *
 * @global array $new_allowed_options
 * @global array $wp_registered_settings
 *
 * @param string   $option_group The settings group name used during registration.
 * @param string   $option_name  The name of the option to unregister.
 * @param callable $deprecated   Optional. Deprecated.
 */
function unregister_setting( $option_group, $option_name, $deprecated = '' ) {
	global $new_allowed_options, $wp_registered_settings;

	/*
	 * In 5.5.0, the `$new_whitelist_options` global variable was renamed to `$new_allowed_options`.
	 * Please consider writing more inclusive code.
	 */
	$GLOBALS['new_whitelist_options'] = &$new_allowed_options;

	if ( 'misc' === $option_group ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'3.0.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: misc */
				__( 'The "%s" options group has been removed. Use another settings group.' ),
				'misc'
			)
		);
		$option_group = 'general';
	}

	if ( 'privacy' === $option_group ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'3.5.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: %s: privacy */
				__( 'The "%s" options group has been removed. Use another settings group.' ),
				'privacy'
			)
		);
		$option_group = 'reading';
	}

	$pos = false;
	if ( isset( $new_allowed_options[ $option_group ] ) ) {
		$pos = array_search( $option_name, (array) $new_allowed_options[ $option_group ], true );
	}

	if ( false !== $pos ) {
		unset( $new_allowed_options[ $option_group ][ $pos ] );
	}

	if ( '' !== $deprecated ) {
		_deprecated_argument(
			__FUNCTION__,
			'4.7.0',
			sprintf(
				/* translators: 1: $sanitize_callback, 2: register_setting() */
				__( '%1$s is deprecated. The callback from %2$s is used instead.' ),
				'<code>$sanitize_callback</code>',
				'<code>register_setting()</code>'
			)
		);
		remove_filter( "sanitize_option_{$option_name}", $deprecated );
	}

	if ( isset( $wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ] ) ) {
		// Remove the sanitize callback if one was set during registration.
		if ( ! empty( $wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ]['sanitize_callback'] ) ) {
			remove_filter( "sanitize_option_{$option_name}", $wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ]['sanitize_callback'] );
		}

		// Remove the default filter if a default was provided during registration.
		if ( array_key_exists( 'default', $wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ] ) ) {
			remove_filter( "default_option_{$option_name}", 'filter_default_option', 10 );
		}

		/**
		 * Fires immediately before the setting is unregistered and after its filters have been removed.
		 *
		 * @since 5.5.0
		 *
		 * @param string $option_group Setting group.
		 * @param string $option_name  Setting name.
		 */
		do_action( 'unregister_setting', $option_group, $option_name );

		unset( $wp_registered_settings[ $option_name ] );
	}
}

/**
 * Retrieves an array of registered settings.
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 *
 * @global array $wp_registered_settings
 *
 * @return array List of registered settings, keyed by option name.
 */
function get_registered_settings() {
	global $wp_registered_settings;

	if ( ! is_array( $wp_registered_settings ) ) {
		return array();
	}

	return $wp_registered_settings;
}

/**
 * Filters the default value for the option.
 *
 * For settings which register a default setting in `register_setting()`, this
 * function is added as a filter to `default_option_{$option}`.
 *
 * @since 4.7.0
 *
 * @param mixed  $default_value  Existing default value to return.
 * @param string $option         Option name.
 * @param bool   $passed_default Was `get_option()` passed a default value?
 * @return mixed Filtered default value.
 */
function filter_default_option( $default_value, $option, $passed_default ) {
	if ( $passed_default ) {
		return $default_value;
	}

	$registered = get_registered_settings();
	if ( empty( $registered[ $option ] ) ) {
		return $default_value;
	}

	return $registered[ $option ]['default'];
}

/**
 * Returns the values that trigger autoloading from the options table.
 *
 * @since 6.6.0
 *
 * @return string[] The values that trigger autoloading.
 */
function wp_autoload_values_to_autoload() {
	$autoload_values = array( 'yes', 'on', 'auto-on', 'auto' );

	/**
	 * Filters the autoload values that should be considered for autoloading from the options table.
	 *
	 * The filter can only be used to remove autoload values from the default list.
	 *
	 * @since 6.6.0
	 *
	 * @param string[] $autoload_values Autoload values used to autoload option.
	 *                               Default list contains 'yes', 'on', 'auto-on', and 'auto'.
	 */
	$filtered_values = apply_filters( 'wp_autoload_values_to_autoload', $autoload_values );

	return array_intersect( $filtered_values, $autoload_values );
}